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RESIN ART · BEGINNER

Epoxy Resin Basics: Mixing Ratios, Cure Time & Bubbles

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Epoxy resin looks intimidating in tutorial videos — layered colours, glassy tabletops, perfectly clear coasters — but the chemistry behind it is simple once you understand three things: mix ratio, pour depth and temperature. This guide covers what every first-time resin artist in Montréal and Laval needs to know before their first pour.

What is epoxy resin, exactly?

Epoxy resin is a two-part system: "Part A" (the resin) and "Part B" (the hardener). When mixed in the correct ratio, they undergo an exothermic chemical reaction that turns liquid into a hard, glass-like solid. Get the ratio wrong, and the resin will stay tacky or never cure at all — there's no fixing an incorrect mix after the fact, so precision matters more here than almost anywhere else in the craft world.

Mixing ratios: 1:1 vs. 2:1 vs. 3:1

Most art and jewelry resins sold for hobbyists use a 1:1 ratio by volume — equal parts resin and hardener. Some deep-pour and specialty systems use 2:1 or 3:1 ratios instead. Always check the specific product's instructions, and never substitute hardener or resin between brands or ratios. Our Resin Volume Calculator defaults to a 1:1 ratio to match our standard Crystal Clear system, and can be reconfigured for other ratios from the store dashboard.

Maker's tip: measure by volume, not by eye — even a 5% error in ratio can leave a soft, sticky surface that never fully hardens.

Calculating how much resin you need

For a rectangular or square mould, volume is simply length × width × depth, where 1 cubic centimetre equals 1 millilitre. A coaster mould measuring 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm needs 100 mL of mixed resin. Round or irregular moulds are trickier — fill them with water first, then measure the water volume with a graduated cup as a stand-in for resin volume. Always add a small buffer (we use 8%) for mixing-cup residue and stir-stick loss.

Deep-pour vs. standard resin

Standard art resin is formulated to release heat quickly and should only be poured up to about 1.3 cm (0.5") at a time — pour deeper, and the exothermic reaction can generate enough heat to yellow, crack or even smoke the resin. Deep-pour resin uses a slower-curing formula designed for pours up to 5 cm or more in a single layer, which is what most river tables and thick tabletop pieces require. If you're planning a project deeper than half an inch, always reach for a deep-pour formula rather than layering standard resin repeatedly.

Getting rid of bubbles

Bubbles are the most common frustration for beginners, and almost always come from one of three sources:

  • Mixing too fast — whip air into the mixture and it has nowhere to go before the resin thickens. Stir slowly and deliberately for the full recommended time.
  • Porous surfaces — wood, coasters and some 3D-printed moulds release trapped air into the resin as it cures. A thin "seal coat" poured and cured first can help.
  • Not enough heat after pouring — passing a butane torch or heat gun 15 cm above the surface for a few seconds pops most surface bubbles. Never use an open flame directly on the resin.

Cure time: tack-free vs. fully cured

Most standard epoxy resin is tack-free to the touch within 24 hours but needs 72 hours to reach full hardness, and up to a full week to reach its maximum chemical resistance. Demould too early and edges can warp or remain slightly soft — patience here directly affects the durability of the finished piece.

Safety basics for a home studio

Work in a ventilated room, wear nitrile gloves (latex breaks down with prolonged resin contact), and keep uncured resin off your skin — it's a known sensitizer, meaning repeated exposure can trigger an allergic reaction over time even in people who previously had no reaction. For a full room-by-room safety checklist, see our guide on Setting Up a Safe Home Resin Studio, or download the SDS on any resin product page before your first project.

Getting started

If this is your first resin project, our Epoxy Resin Starter Kit bundles a tested 1:1 system, a coaster mould, mica pigments and the torch you'll need to pop bubbles — everything measured out so your first pour matches this guide exactly. Ready to buy in bulk for a studio or classroom? Browse epoxy resin by the litre or visit our Wholesale page for account pricing.